In recent years, the development of automatic line combination machine tools and special machine tools. Li Liangfu, a translator from Wuxi Metallurgical Machinery Factory, based on the analysis of Chen Li's exhibits at the first Hannover, Year of the Year, studied various trends that have emerged since the beginning of the year.
It must be pointed out that the development of machine tools in the world is very rapid.
According to the manager of a famous Japanese machine tool company, if the metal cutting machine tool is not modernized, it will become an outdated product.
The trend of machine tool production development in the world In recent years, the productivity of machine tool equipment has increased by a doubling of machine tool maintenance personnel.
This trend is not uncommon. As early as the 1990s, there were signs at other machine tool exhibitions in the series.
In the main sectors of the German electromechanical industry, productivity has increased significantly over the years, but the number of employees has decreased.
For example, in the electrical equipment industry, the number of employees is reduced and the productivity is increasing in the machine manufacturing industry. The number of employees is decreasing and the productivity is increasing in the automotive industry. The employees are unchanged, but the productivity is increased throughout the metal processing industry, and the number of employees is reduced and the productivity is increased. The growth indicates that the production equipment and processes have been improved and a more rational labor system has been introduced.
Combined machine tool-specific machine tools and automatic line characterization advances to increase productivity due to increased cutting throughput, faster component movement speeds, automated loading and unloading processes on the machine, and sub-installation for integrated machining of the workpiece, including the use of the device Traditional process.
Of particular importance are the use of CNC and automatic tool changers and the assembly of electric spindles to connect the linear motor's power components, as well as other mechanisms that can reduce the time required to machine parts and reduce the time to switch to manufacturing new products. And equipment.
At present, the urgent task is to improve the machining accuracy of the special machine tools and automatic lines for combination machine tools.
This is first guaranteed with high geometric accuracy equipment.
For example, the company's combined machine tool, its working mechanism, using laser interferometer to measure the positioning accuracy shows that the coordinate dispersion of the positioning point when moving to the extent is within the range.
2. Trends in the development of machine tools and automatic lines for conventional combination machine tools The method of establishing such equipment with separate general and special components is still effective during the design and production phases.
Special equipment can be quickly established by designing a dedicated layout of the machine tools at the design stage or by combining the machine tools into an automatic line and manufacturing these parts for the general user.
This device can be retuned but not flexible.
However, when the production object changes, it becomes a hindrance. Because of the large changes, it takes many months, thus losing the competitiveness of new products.
In modern production, there are products with a fixed proportion of stable structure that can be manufactured for many years under mass production conditions.
In this case, the combination machine-specific machine tools and automatic lines can be built on the basis of common parts and special parts as before.
At the exhibition, many companies have extensively introduced their catalogues, such as the company (Germany) and the company (Swiss company (Italian company Slovenian Republic).
Many companies continue to produce such components, such as the company (Italian company (French company (Swedish company, Taiwan Province, China company, British company, Danish company (Belgium company) (Germany).
It must be noted that the range of common components between companies is expanding.
Organizing the production of a wide range of special components and general components in the development of combined machine tools and automatic lines has progressed.
These specialized components are marketed by specialized companies.
Therefore, there is no need to design and manufacture (Shanghai Machine Tool) for equipment users.
For example, the company and the Swiss company exhibited a multi-axle box prototype at the exhibition.
There are many different types of multi-axle boxes in the company's catalogue, including multi-axle boxes that adjust the spindle position by the CNC system.
The company exhibited a new precision multi-axle box with a short-axis system with short shafts for high reliability and short kinematic chains.
The company Germany) and the company (Italy) exhibited the fixture series.
The fixtures of the company and division can be assembled for the deterministic user, using common components in a modular principle.
The company's fixtures, each structure has a number of adjustment ranges for the size of the workpiece.
The company (Italy) exhibited a universal structure pallet library for automatic lines and other production systems with a capacity of zero.
The fixture library includes a pallet storage compartment and loading device with a flat or vertical workpiece mounting plane.
The latter guarantees that the pallet is mounted on the equipment in a clever manner, without the need for human participation, and can check whether there are any accompanying fixtures in the fixture library.
The cycle control of the loading device is realized by the company's (Germany) type programmable logic controller.
There are three development trends in combination machine tools.
In the first trend, the major companies continue to expand the proportion of traditional universal matching components for machine tool-specific machine tools and automatic lines according to user needs.
For example, the company exhibited 61 unique general-purpose components in the form of real samples and advertising samples, including the sleeve power head of the power head hex knife holder with the fixed power of the top sleeve and the auxiliary head. The second trend of the multi-axis head of the wire device for detecting the integrity of the cutting tool, when the product is in stable production conditions, requires the productivity of a large number of conventional machine tools and automatic lines for conventional combination machine tools to be increased.
This can be done not only by reducing the duty cycle time on a single station, but also by reducing the number of unit devices that are connected to the automatic line due to the concentration of the process and the replacement of parallel machine tools with a small number of machine tools.
For example, for mass production, the first phase of the company introduced a combination machine tool, which is considered to be the most productive of all well-known hand-tuning equipment (all transmissions of the machine tool are electromechanical, no lubrication during processing) Coolant.
The size of the part being machined is a must. These measures can reduce the total number of equipment connected to the automatic line, and can reduce the floor space and maintenance personnel.
The above tasks can be solved by the following methods.
Increase the amount of cutting used to achieve the level of equipment on the century.
For example, according to the company's old data, the cutting speed of the internal thread is reached when the end face milling is reached, and the auxiliary movement speed is increased when the hole is reamed, which can be achieved by the company on the exhibition (Germany) and The products exhibited by other companies, and the company proposed that the rapid traverse speed can reach the acceleration to achieve such a high speed, and developed special parts.
For example, the company produces T
Combined power unit for all linear motion on a combined machine.
The linear motor can guarantee the auxiliary moving speed 80 acceleration 0 The electric spindle with the power resistance of w, the maximum speed of the motor is generally said to improve the auxiliary moving speed is a technical and economic problem, because by increasing the moving speed of the component, the acceleration is up to 20 times. Reducing the time of a single piece can result in a significant increase in component costs.
For example, the company's (Italian company USA) and other companies' linear motors, as well as the company's dedicated double-head ball screw drive, are used for this purpose.
The price of these devices will be too high in the series to achieve the desired results.
Improve the reliability of equipment component cutting tool aids to reduce the downtime of machine tools and automatic lines for combination machine tools.
This can be achieved by carefully modifying the current structural modification material and improving the structure according to their results.
We use the aids as an example to study these situations.
The replacement time of a blunt or broken tap is very important in terms of the economics of an automatic line machine or a combination machine.
Therefore, quick-change equipment is used on such equipment.
The quick change mechanism consists of a two-component tapping chuck mounted in the machine tool spindle and a transition sleeve for clamping the tap.
In general, the torque is transmitted from the tapping chuck to the transition sleeve, and the convex tooth interacts with the two grooves on the end face of the chuck, so the required reliability cannot be guaranteed.
Play the company's US-based tapping chuck with ball drive for high force action, such as when tapping the thread of the material, or when there are hard inclusions in the workpiece, the work is reliable, but the traditional transmission is invalid. .
Automatic and in-line combined machine tools and special machine tools with interchangeable multi-axle boxes reduce the machining time of large parts.
This is due to the combination of high productivity in process concentration and required flexibility, as well as a significant reduction in floor space compared to conventional combined equipment.
The combined machine tool and the special machine tool are composed of the following components: one or several multi-axle boxes, and the conveying system clamps the workpiece clamping system.
The power head structure guarantees the installation and fixing of the multi-axle box, as well as the transmission for the rotation of the spindle, as well as the supply of the required coolant.
The analysis of the catalogue and data shows that the diversity of the combination machine layout with interchangeable multi-axle boxes can be summarized as two types of feed movements. The machine feed movement by the multi-axle box is completed by the fixture with the workpiece.
As an example of a combination machine with an interchangeable multi-axle box on the automatic line, the company's re-adjustable automatic line system is used to comprehensively process automotive engines and cylinders.
The system consists of a single automatic line with an approximate footprint.
The layout is traditional, but since most of the automatic lines are composed of a combination machine with a changeable multi-axle box, significant process concentration can be achieved at a single work station, and the total area occupied is significantly reduced. The technical characteristics of each individual automatic line within the automatic line work station numerical control system controllable coordinate number spindle number can be exchanged between the multi-axis box number loading and unloading process and save the blank and into the automation.
Reduced processing time also requires reduced loading and unloading time.
Most machine tools can be equipped with loading and unloading devices according to user requirements.
They are mostly made by professional companies.
For example, the company's machine tools can be equipped with out-of-the-box traditional loading devices, such as the coil magazine tilting feed tank vibrating hopper bar stock.
Industrial robots and automatic operators are installed when the loading and unloading process must be automated at the same time, and when the positioning reference of the workpiece changes during the integrated machining process at different stations.
The former manufacturer is the manufacturer of the latter company iK Australia and the company (Austria).
The company exhibited a series of inter-process conveyors, including non-automatic stocks of blanks and semi-finished products, as well as industrial robots for the maintenance of warehouses.
The company manufactures a range of universal drive roller conveyor belts that, if necessary, have stations that change the orientation of the workpiece or the position of the pallet with the workpiece.
To deliver heavy-duty parts, the company produced a type of underground step conveyor belt.
By incorporating non-traditional equipment in the automatic line, a combination of machine tools and special machine tools can be used to complete non-traditional but high-powerful processes (electrophysical chemical processing, laser processing, plasma processing and other types of processing to ensure integrated processing) .
The third trend is to increase the concentration of the machine tools in the combination machine tool and the automatic line. The hexagonal tool holder type can also be equipped with all the numerical control power components or single, which can reduce the single piece time and improve the equipment area. Precision.
For example, the company's combined machine with a CNC rotary table and a power hex tool holder is comparable in productivity to a dedicated machine (since several machines can be machined simultaneously on a dedicated machine and are more efficient than machining centers).
The company exhibited a range of power components with work station turrets.
The movement of the hexagonal tool holder along the coordinate axis is driven by a transmission with a linear motor, while the linear motor is controlled by a numerical control system.
The CNC also controls a rotating turret with good dynamics for fast acceleration and braking.
Therefore, when the rotational speed of the tool reaches the cutting time, the cutting time is not higher than the "Shanghai machine tool over-hexagonal tool spindle. The high-power asynchronous motor driven by the power is short-time overload. The commutation is special due to the commutation of the motor. The back-up time does not exceed the quality of the hexagonal tool holder with motor not greater than that of the company's (Germany) type high-speed station hexagonal tool holder for control of combined machine tools and automatic lines.
From the time of cutting and cutting to braking and accelerating to the continent) less than the spindle speed up to the tool positioning time. Although the turning speed of the hexagonal tool holder is very high, the repeatability of the given position can be achieved because each spindle is directly connected to the high speed motor. The connection is guaranteed.
The company reported on the Series 2 and Type Hex Tool Holders, which are mounted on the power mechanism of the combined machine tool.
A multi-axle box with a set of cutting tools on which the following components can be replaced (and a multi-axle high-speed spindle with an angled template tool configured as an angle, including a high-speed spindle with a high-speed motor-driven transmission).
The number of working digits in these hexagonal tool holders is the power of the transmission. The torque reaches the spindle speed. The positioning accuracy is repeated. The positioning accuracy is accurate. The positioning time is 6. The vertical horizontal rotary table of the company (Germany) can be installed in the combination machine. On the power table of machine tools or automatic lines and other institutions.
The rotation accuracy of the horizontal position of the table is the time radius of the two er company (Italy) production type combination machine tool, which is different from the traditional structure, and uses a power component with a hexagonal tool holder at each station.
The positioning accuracy of the hexagonal tool holder is 7. The repeating positioning accuracy is based on the acceleration feed rate. The sliding angle of the sliding table of the power component can be adjusted to the working position. The hexagonal tool holder can ensure the height of the process and can process the workpiece mounted on the rotary device. Faces, no need to reload.
The machine table has the characteristics of high rotation accuracy (positioning error has electromechanical rotary transmission and mechanical positioning mechanism.
The machine tool control is realized by the numerical control system, and the movement of the power components can be individually adjusted according to any coordinate axis.
Due to the re-adjustability, the combined machine tool finds an effective application under batch production conditions.
Fixtures can be mounted on the machine, such as vise with hydraulic or pneumatic drive.
The problem with the previous page is solved by the layout.
This arrangement promotes rapid flow of chips and coolant from the work area and a high seal.
In the future, as in the exhibition year, Nuremberg has shown that it is possible to turn various types of workpieces without lubricating the coolant.
The second-in-command e company Germany) exhibited a new research on coated tools.
A layer of aluminum disulfide is applied to the conventional chromium nitride and nitride-based coating.
This can drastically reduce the friction when turning steel and aluminum, and can eliminate the need to lubricate the coolant, thereby reducing the pollution to the surrounding environment.
The modern lathe has no noise when the motion mechanism works, and has a good sound insulation device.
All components of the machine that require maintenance are of good visibility and are designed with anthropometric parameters in mind.
All of this creates comfortable working conditions that minimize work-related accidents and ultimately increase productivity.
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