On November 7th, the reporter learned from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers that the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Special Development of China's auto parts and components" has been finalized and will be announced to the public in a short period of time. This plan aims to enhance China's auto parts industry. The ability of independent innovation forms a global competitiveness commensurate with the development of the entire automobile industry.
According to the relevant personages of the China Automotive Industry Association's Parts and Components Department, the review and comment period for this plan has ended, and only after the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†of the “Automobile Industry†has been issued, special plans for parts and components can be announced soon.
Focus on cultivating components and brands
The reporter learned that the plan is subordinate to the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†Outline of the “Automobile Industryâ€. Its formulation began in the second half of 2004 and was entrusted by the China National Automobile Industry Association to take the lead, the China Automotive Technology and Research Center and other related institutions and many Industry experts participated in the formulation.
According to the requirements of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" of the "Automobile Industry" Outline for Comprehensively Enhancing the Competitiveness of the Parts and Components Industry, the plan puts emphasis on developing independent brands for the spare parts industry and enhancing the independent R&D and innovation capabilities of domestic auto parts companies. The request, at the same time, also proposed the concept of promoting the reorganization of parts and components companies and adjusting the industrial structure, and strived to form one or more companies with a scale of more than US$10 billion in the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period.
The formulation of the plan has two main purposes. The first is to promote the technological innovation and independent development of China's auto parts industry; the second is to expand the export scale of China's auto parts products, and the export products will change from after-sales parts to OEM parts.
From the perspective of content, the plan is part of a small industry plan for 17 branches such as automobile engines, steering gears, and transmission shafts. The other part focuses on the development direction of new energy, environmental protection, and electronics, and highlights the overall development of the industry as a whole. The key product planning of Cheng, automotive electronics, automotive-related industries and auto parts exports are four aspects.
It is worth noting that foreign-owned spare parts enterprises are not seen as part of China's parts industry. The definition of China's auto parts industry refers to the parts and components companies registered in China, including joint ventures, state-owned or state-controlled enterprises, and private enterprises.
In response, Jiang Jian, deputy general manager of marketing, communications and public affairs at Delphi Automotive Systems (China) Investment Co., Ltd., stated that the position of foreign-funded parts and components companies in the Chinese market has been rather vague and the policy level has not been clearly defined, even if this plan has been made. So defined, Delphi still considers itself an integral part of the Chinese automotive industry.
Eight measures support independent innovation
According to the new plan, by 2010, the total output value of China's auto parts industry will reach 1.3 trillion yuan, of which the OEM output value is 730 billion yuan and the export value will reach 50 billion US dollars. Statistics show that in 2005, China's auto parts industry achieved a total industrial output value of 383.8 billion yuan, and exports of 8.5 billion US dollars.
A researcher from the China Automotive Technology and Research Center, which participated in the formulation of the plan, stated that the above goals are based on the growth rate of the Chinese auto industry, the demand for parts and components, and the scale of the after-sales service market, and have been proposed after repeated weighing by a number of industry experts. Conservative numbers.
In addition to specific objectives, the plan proposes a total of eight incentive measures to support Chinese auto parts enterprises in enhancing their technological innovation capabilities.
First, the government will invest in the establishment of a fund that will support domestic auto parts companies to develop their own products. The size of the fund will reach several hundred million yuan. Second, establish a common technology platform for production, education, and research, and encourage all companies to engage in competitive product development, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, and implement a series of preferential policies, including taxation, on independent brands. Third, the government will prioritize the purchase of self-owned brand automotive products including parts and components. Fourth, through pre-tax expenditures, companies are encouraged to increase investment in component R&D. Fifth, publish a catalog of investment guidance for the auto parts industry and guide enterprises to invest in a reasonable way. Sixth, diversify investment and encourage different kinds of funds to enter the parts and components industry. Seventh, establish joint-stock or third-party component product R&D institutions. Eighth, assessing the performance of the management of state-owned or state-controlled parts and components companies to encourage and encourage managers to improve their competitiveness.
Resolve risk of marginalization
Prior to the introduction of the plan, the industry generally believed that the Chinese auto parts companies were facing the risk of marginalization, and the introduction of the plan would play an important role in resolving the marginalization risks facing the auto parts industry in China.
At present, many international multinational companies such as auto parts giants Bosch and Delphi have already established dozens of joint ventures and wholly-owned companies in the Chinese market. These companies control the core technologies of key components and become ancillary to the key components assembly of OEMs. Also enjoy the Chinese government's tax policy preferences.
The lack of core technologies for local parts and components companies, and weak self-development capabilities, most of them are only second- or third-tier or even raw material suppliers. This situation has caused domestic auto parts companies to face increasing risks of being marginalized.
Shen Ningwu, deputy secretary-general of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, said that with the continuous development of foreign parts giants in China, it has now entered a new stage, and foreign auto parts companies are making three changes in their investments in China, changing from equity participation to controlling. From the joint venture to the sole proprietorship, from the market to the monopoly market, foreign investment in domestic parts and components industry is increasing.
However, at the time of the expansion of foreign-funded enterprises, the domestic domestic parts and components companies had a smaller scale, less funds, and generally insufficient investment in R&D. The weaknesses in the competition have become increasingly apparent.
According to statistics, China's auto parts companies' annual development investment is generally about 1%-1.5% of sales revenue, compared with 3%-5% or even 10% for developed countries. The investment in R&D of multinational component companies is very large. Delphi’s annual R&D investment reaches US$2 billion. In 2005, China’s sales of only four local component companies exceeded Rmb10 billion.
In March of this year, the European Union and the United States jointly launched the "Administrative Measures for the Import of Auto Parts That Constitute the Characteristics of Complete Vehicles" to China in the WTO, forcing the key clauses in this approach to be postponed for two years. This incident has clearly demonstrated that multinational cars After the company occupied the entire vehicle market in China, it further suppressed the development of China's spare parts industry.
After China’s accession to the WTO, it is impossible to impose more restrictions on the expansion of foreign companies in China. However, the expansion of foreign-funded enterprises can still provide opportunities for the growth of Chinese domestic parts and components companies, especially in the current global production and trade trends of auto parts and components. More and more obvious situations. Trainee reporter Shi Baohua reports from Beijing
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