Intake turbocharging is to pre-compress the fresh air before entering the cylinder through the turbine, and then send it into the cylinder with high density and participate in combustion with relative high pressure. The greater the pressure of air entering the cylinder, the greater the amount of charge, and the more fuel it mixes with, the more efficient it is, and the higher the utilization rate, generally about 40% more power than an engine without a turbocharger system.
The structure of the intake turbocharger device is composed of a pair of coaxial impellers sealed to each other. The impeller in the exhaust passage is called a turbine impeller, the impeller in the intake passage is called a compressor impeller, and the two impellers are connected by a shaft. . During operation, the exhaust gas emitted by the engine propels the turbine wheel and rapidly spins at a speed of up to 100,000 rpm, and rotates synchronously with the coaxial compressor impeller in the intake port to increase the intake pressure and increase the impulse of fresh air entering. Fully mixed with fuel and burned, the power and torque of the engine are greatly improved.
In the thin plateau region, air density has a great influence on the performance of the engine. When the altitude is increased by 1,000 meters, the engine power will drop by about 8% to 10%, and the fuel consumption will increase by about 4% to 5%. If an intake booster is used, the negative impact on engine performance can be reduced. And the power consumed by the supercharger is provided by the exhaust gas emitted by the engine and does not consume the effective power output by the engine.
Although the engine intake turbocharger can exert the full potential of the engine's dynamic potential, due to its sophisticated structure, relatively high levels of maintenance and repair, and considerable costs, the current application is not very common.
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