The "Atlantic" potato is a hybrid variety imported from the United States, jointly introduced by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. This virus-free seed has been successfully selected by Hunan Agricultural University and the Hunan Potato Engineering Center. In the spring of 2006, the County Bureau of Agriculture introduced the processing-type virus-free "Atlantic" potato from Yiyang Asia-Pacific Potato Industry Co., Ltd., and conducted a pollution-free cultivation demonstration in a high mountain area at an altitude of 800 meters. The trial plot covered 1.33 hectares, with sowing taking place between February 15th and 18th, and harvesting on May 25th—giving a total growing period of about 100 days.
After the test production, the yield reached 1,690 kilograms per 667 square meters, representing a 38% increase compared to local varieties. Additionally, fresh potatoes can be processed into 15 kilograms of starch per 100 kilograms, and with a starch price of 16 yuan per kilogram, this translates to an output value of 4,056 yuan per 667 square meters. The variety is highly favored for its excellent appearance and a starch content ranging from 15% to 17.9%, making it very popular among consumers.
Cultivation techniques for the "Atlantic" potato include:
1. Site selection and land preparation: The planting area should meet national standards for non-polluting agricultural products, featuring deep, well-drained, loose, and slightly acidic sandy loam soil. Before sowing, the soil should be deeply plowed to a depth of 25–30 cm and finely prepared. Dry soil should be poured one week before sowing.
2. Base fertilizer application: Apply 1,500 to 2,000 kg of composted organic manure per 667 square meters, along with 100 kg of plant ash or 15 kg of potassium sulfate (or supplement with potassium chloride if needed).
3. Seed disinfection: Soak seeds in a 70% thiophanate-methyl solution diluted 800 times or a 50% carbendazim solution diluted 500 times for 15–20 minutes. Cut each seed piece to 30–40 grams, ensuring one or two buds are present. After cutting, dry the pieces on grass and mix with ash to promote wound healing.
4. Planting: Transplant seedlings in open fields after the beginning of spring. In low-altitude areas, mulching allows early December planting. Use a spacing of 60 cm between rows and 26–28 cm between plants, with 4,000 to 5,000 plants per 667 square meters.
5. Weeding and fertilization: When seedlings reach about 20 cm in height, perform weeding and cultivation. Apply 667 kg of biogas fertilizer or 750–1,000 kg of human manure, or 10 kg of urea plus 15 kg of potassium sulfate per 667 square meters.
6. Disease and pest control: Virus-free potato crops are generally free from serious pests and diseases. However, if late blight or bacterial wilt occurs, they should be treated with appropriate pesticides. For late blight, spray 58% metalaxyl•manganese at 500 times dilution once or twice. For bacterial wilt, use 72% agro streptomycin at 2,000 times dilution. For ground pests like crickets and mole rats, mix 1.5–2.0 kg of trichlorfon with 10 kg of glutinous rice or rice bran during soil preparation.
7. Growth regulators: If excessive nitrogen leads to lush growth, apply 15% paclobutrazol at 40–50 grams per 667 square meters mixed with 60–75 kg of water during the budding stage. Spray evenly to control above-ground growth and promote tuber development.
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