For the potential value of the surface of the ore particle, it is the ions in the inner layer and the dense layer of the electric double layer. Positioning constituent ions are generally mineral lattice, like pb 2+ and S 2- ion is positioned in galena. However, since a series of reactions occur in the aqueous surface of the mineral component, a series of ions are generated, which affects the electrical properties of the electric double layer. For some insoluble oxides and silicate minerals, H+, OH - is its localization ion. The positioning ions can pass through the solid-liquid interface and try to establish a balance at the interface to form a certain zeta potential and zeta potential.
Because the H + and OH - ions are positioned a number of insoluble oxides and silicate minerals. Different pH values ​​indicate different H+ and OH concentrations in the solution. The higher the pH value, the more OH in the solution, and the more the OH adsorbed on the surface of the ore particles after the ions adsorbed on the surface of the ore are balanced. On the contrary, the smaller the pH value, the more H+ in the solution, and the more H+ adsorbed on the surface of the ore particles. Therefore, the pH value directly affects the surface potential of the ore particles.
H+ and OH are the localized ions of quartz , and Figures 6-13 show the effect of several electrolytes on the zeta potential of quartz. As can be seen from Fig. 6-13, the solution is made alkaline with NaOH, and the zeta potential of quartz is 70 to 120 mV. The pH value decreases as the amount of HCl used increases. When pH = 3.7, when the amount of HCl is continuously increased, the zeta potential can be made positive over zero. The pH at which the zeta potential is zero is called the isoelectric point. Similarly, the pH at which the zeta potential is zero is referred to as the zero point. When the ψ value is zero, the ξ value is also zero, but the ψ value is not zero, and the ξ value can also be zero. Because when the ionic strength in the solution is large, the different ions in the diffusion layer may be squeezed into the dense layer, so that the tributing ions in the sliding surface are electrically equivalent to the positioning ions.
In certain oxide ore flotation beneficiation (e.g., corundum and quartz), the effect of mineral collector is an electrostatic attraction necessary to act as an ion collector in a dense layer of ions of different signs the electrical double layer, the inner layer ion The electrical resistance can only work. When the pH value is lower than the isoelectric point, the surface of the mineral is positively charged, and the anion collector should be used; when the pH is higher than the isoelectric point, the surface of the mineral is negatively charged, and the cation collector should be used.
Figure 6-14 shows that the anionic collector sodium lauryl sulfate is effective for quartz flotation at pH < 2 ~ 3. At pH < 9.4, it is effective for corundum flotation. The dodecylamine is a cationic collector. For the flotation of quartz and corundum, the pH must be greater than 2 to 3 and 9.4, respectively. However, at pH>12, dodecylamine appears mainly in the form of hydrated amine molecules, losing the trapping effect.
It must be noted, xanthate as collector metal sulfide ore, drugs which does not depend on the mineral surface of the electrostatic attraction force but by a chemical bond. Therefore, the electrical properties of the surface of the ore particles have little or no effect on the recovery rate.
Collector molecules such as hydrocarbon oils and xanthate are not charged by themselves, and they interact with minerals and can pass through the electric double layer without being blocked by interfacial charges. The surface of the ore particles can also absorb the collector ions without charge. For example, when oleosate is floated with oleic acid, the recovery rate is higher when the surface of the ore particles is substantially uncharged.
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