The common faults in the chute are blockage and run-off, followed by severe wear of the chute wall, and even the wall drop, which not only affects the normal production, but also seriously threatens the safety of the workers. In some mines, the wells were scrapped due to blockage of the wells, causing casualties.
(1) The part where the chute is blocked ( 1 ) Within 5m above the floor of the salt mine leakage .
( 2 ) The intersection of the shaft and the storage tank (ie, the section where the section changes).
( 3 ) The joint of the inclined chute and the chute of multi-level unloading.
(4 ) The intersection of the high-slurry well-section construction and the slip-through.
(5 ) The slope is turned to the slope.
(6 ) The corner of the inclined shaft.
(ii) The main reasons affecting and causing blockage of the chute:
(1) The part where the chute is blocked ( 1 ) Within 5m above the floor of the salt mine leakage .
( 2 ) The intersection of the shaft and the storage tank (ie, the section where the section changes).
( 3 ) The joint of the inclined chute and the chute of multi-level unloading.
(4 ) The intersection of the high-slurry well-section construction and the slip-through.
(5 ) The slope is turned to the slope.
(6 ) The corner of the inclined shaft.
(ii) The main reasons affecting and causing blockage of the chute:
( 1 ) Due to the large amount of ore containing ore, the ore is highly cohesive, especially when the ore contains water or the temperature is between 1% and 5% .
(2 ) The structural size selection of the bottom of the slide is unreasonable. It has been proved in production that the bottom of the chute has a storage bin type that is much less than the straight block type.
(3 ) The section selection of the chute is too small.
(4 ) The inclination of the slip (slot) is too small.
(5 ) The size of the cross section of the chute is too small, causing blockage when the gate is discharged.
(6 ) The inclination of the bottom plate of the slide or the inclination of the top plate of the slide and the length of the inclined neck are improperly selected, so that the ore discharge static space is too small, causing frequent blockage in the ++ above the slipper .
(7 ) Because the production has not been released for a long time, the ore is compacted and caused to slip and block.
(8 ) The size of the clearance is blocked due to the accumulation of fine ore in the inclined shaft and the corner.
(9 ) Due to the pouring of more than a permitted large ore, long steel brazing, steel wire rope, scrap rail and sleepers into the chute.
(10 ) The chute is blocked due to the slippery wall of the slippery well.
(11 ) The selection of ore-mining method is not suitable. For example, the ore with a large amount of fine ore and a high cohesiveness does not use a vibrating ore concentrating machine, but a single gravity ore.
(2 ) The structural size selection of the bottom of the slide is unreasonable. It has been proved in production that the bottom of the chute has a storage bin type that is much less than the straight block type.
(3 ) The section selection of the chute is too small.
(4 ) The inclination of the slip (slot) is too small.
(5 ) The size of the cross section of the chute is too small, causing blockage when the gate is discharged.
(6 ) The inclination of the bottom plate of the slide or the inclination of the top plate of the slide and the length of the inclined neck are improperly selected, so that the ore discharge static space is too small, causing frequent blockage in the ++ above the slipper .
(7 ) Because the production has not been released for a long time, the ore is compacted and caused to slip and block.
(8 ) The size of the clearance is blocked due to the accumulation of fine ore in the inclined shaft and the corner.
(9 ) Due to the pouring of more than a permitted large ore, long steel brazing, steel wire rope, scrap rail and sleepers into the chute.
(10 ) The chute is blocked due to the slippery wall of the slippery well.
(11 ) The selection of ore-mining method is not suitable. For example, the ore with a large amount of fine ore and a high cohesiveness does not use a vibrating ore concentrating machine, but a single gravity ore.
(3) Prevention and treatment of chute blockage
The positive solution to the problem of chute blockage should be:
(1 ) The design should be combined with the ore properties to select a reasonable chute form and chute structural parameters.
(2 ) Strengthen the production management of the chute, it is strictly forbidden to surface water, and the water in the pit flows into the chute. It is strictly forbidden to remove scraps, rails, wire ropes, sleepers and other debris into the chute.
(3 ) Strictly control the height of the ore storage, which should be determined according to the specific properties of each ore. When the ore contains powdery ore with strong viscous elbow, the storage height should be strictly controlled within the storage section.
(4 ) It is necessary to ensure that the ore is often released, so as to prevent the ore in the shaft from being compacted. When the production is stopped at the end of the year, the shaft should be emptied. When the holiday is stopped, only the bottom ore is stored at the leak gate.
(5 ) Strictly control the amount of ore and water content in the ore.
(6 ) Mines with large cohesive ore deposits should use the effect of combination of vibration and ore mining and gravity ore mining.
Such as Jiangxi Yichun Ta-Nb ore, lead-zinc mine after a few mouthfuls of Guangdong to promote the above ore manner and achieved satisfactory results.
(7 ) For the water-bearing ore with large viscosity and large amount of fine ore, it is advisable to carry out simulation test before design, to solve the shape and size of the slip section, the selection of the ore discharge facilities of the slippery slip, and the reasonable management system of the well release and release. The slipper can be used normally after it is built.
(2 ) Strengthen the production management of the chute, it is strictly forbidden to surface water, and the water in the pit flows into the chute. It is strictly forbidden to remove scraps, rails, wire ropes, sleepers and other debris into the chute.
(3 ) Strictly control the height of the ore storage, which should be determined according to the specific properties of each ore. When the ore contains powdery ore with strong viscous elbow, the storage height should be strictly controlled within the storage section.
(4 ) It is necessary to ensure that the ore is often released, so as to prevent the ore in the shaft from being compacted. When the production is stopped at the end of the year, the shaft should be emptied. When the holiday is stopped, only the bottom ore is stored at the leak gate.
(5 ) Strictly control the amount of ore and water content in the ore.
(6 ) Mines with large cohesive ore deposits should use the effect of combination of vibration and ore mining and gravity ore mining.
Such as Jiangxi Yichun Ta-Nb ore, lead-zinc mine after a few mouthfuls of Guangdong to promote the above ore manner and achieved satisfactory results.
(7 ) For the water-bearing ore with large viscosity and large amount of fine ore, it is advisable to carry out simulation test before design, to solve the shape and size of the slip section, the selection of the ore discharge facilities of the slippery slip, and the reasonable management system of the well release and release. The slipper can be used normally after it is built.
(4) Treatment methods and precautions for chute blockage
The clogging treatment of the chute is a dangerous and difficult work. Many mines in China have serious casualties when handling the chute blockage, which should be highly valued.
(1 ) The chute blockage shall be handled by personnel who are familiar with the slip and crushing system and have experience in managing the chute system.
(2 ) Before handling the blockage, the location and cause of the blockage of the chute should be clearly clarified, and the treatment plan should be formulated in a targeted manner. When the chute is blocked in the storage bin above the leak, the hydrogen ball can be used in the chute. clogging height (measured to be repeated twice), Nanjing Meishan iron ore measured by the same method more accurate height clogging.
(3 ) The well is generally at the leak due to the relationship between the accumulation of fine ore and the pressure of the mine. Here, there are many plugs. Generally, the air duct of the high-pressure gas and water linkage device is used to purge and remove the blockage. When the wash is to a certain height, it can no longer be When blowing with a duct, a small amount of explosive can be used for blasting.
( 4 ) Use bamboo poles to block the place. This is one of the most common treatments for clogging in the leak zone.
( 5 ) When the blockage is in the middle of the storage bin, in the upper stage, the nearest distance from the blockage is selected to be washed with high-pressure water. The ore at the blockage of the arch will reduce the cohesion, internal friction angle and shear resistance of the ore. Strength to achieve the role of arching .
( 6 ) Some mines in China use “mineral rockets†to deal with slippage and blockage. It also has good results (the use of fuzes in China is difficult to place in the installation and needs to be further improved).
( 7 ) Foreign use of missiles to handle the chute blockage: If the Finnish Saika company can supply 3.2, 9.6 and 21.5kg launchers, it can be launched to the card mine at a speed of 3000m/s with 5kg .
( 8 ) Drilling and blasting method for chutes that are difficult to handle. For example, the Fankou lead-zinc mine used this treatment to waste rock, and the Huangshaping lead-zinc mine used this method to treat the ore chute blockage, and all of them achieved good results.
(1 ) The chute blockage shall be handled by personnel who are familiar with the slip and crushing system and have experience in managing the chute system.
(2 ) Before handling the blockage, the location and cause of the blockage of the chute should be clearly clarified, and the treatment plan should be formulated in a targeted manner. When the chute is blocked in the storage bin above the leak, the hydrogen ball can be used in the chute. clogging height (measured to be repeated twice), Nanjing Meishan iron ore measured by the same method more accurate height clogging.
(3 ) The well is generally at the leak due to the relationship between the accumulation of fine ore and the pressure of the mine. Here, there are many plugs. Generally, the air duct of the high-pressure gas and water linkage device is used to purge and remove the blockage. When the wash is to a certain height, it can no longer be When blowing with a duct, a small amount of explosive can be used for blasting.
( 4 ) Use bamboo poles to block the place. This is one of the most common treatments for clogging in the leak zone.
( 5 ) When the blockage is in the middle of the storage bin, in the upper stage, the nearest distance from the blockage is selected to be washed with high-pressure water. The ore at the blockage of the arch will reduce the cohesion, internal friction angle and shear resistance of the ore. Strength to achieve the role of arching .
( 6 ) Some mines in China use “mineral rockets†to deal with slippage and blockage. It also has good results (the use of fuzes in China is difficult to place in the installation and needs to be further improved).
( 7 ) Foreign use of missiles to handle the chute blockage: If the Finnish Saika company can supply 3.2, 9.6 and 21.5kg launchers, it can be launched to the card mine at a speed of 3000m/s with 5kg .
( 8 ) Drilling and blasting method for chutes that are difficult to handle. For example, the Fankou lead-zinc mine used this treatment to waste rock, and the Huangshaping lead-zinc mine used this method to treat the ore chute blockage, and all of them achieved good results.
(5) Running and prevention of slipping wells
1. Reasons for running through the well (1 ) Most of the run-by-hole run-offs are caused by the blockage of the chute. When the chute is not properly handled, the mine right-handedly rushes down, and even the ore-drainage gate is destroyed and the mine is run.
(2) The ore contains more ore and more ore, and the amount of water in the chute is larger. The ore in the chute is always saturated and fluid. At the moment of the ore release, the ore becomes a mudslide and causes the ore to run. Therefore, fine ore is always the main cause of slipping and running mines.
(3 ) Surface water and mud flow into the open mine mine chute and enter the chute. The underground tunnel water and the caving mining method pass through the surface of the mud into the lower stop with the rainwater, and enter the slip mine, which can cause the slipper to run.
(4 ) The slipping well stops the ore mining. The fine ore in the chute is compacted due to the long-term non-moving, becoming an impermeable layer, causing water to accumulate in the chute, and recovering the production of the elbow, which is also likely to cause running.
2. Measures to prevent slipping and running mines (1) Strictly control the inflow of surface water and groundwater into the sloping (or trough). When there is water in the chute, water and water should be blocked, water holes should be drained, and water pipes should be used to extradite and slip. outer.
(2 ) Strict production management of the chute, to prevent the tunnel water from flowing into the chute at all stages, and it is not allowed to use high-pressure water to clean the mine car in the unloading mine.
(3 ) Strictly control the amount of fine ore that is poured into the chute.
(4 ) When the ore in the shaft is blocked, and the water in the shaft is drained, the water should be removed first and then the blockage should be treated.
(5) Reasonable selection of the mine gate and reduction of the plugging of the slippery well should be carried out by means of a combination of a vibrating miner in the chute and a chain ball gate or a finger gate.
(2) The ore contains more ore and more ore, and the amount of water in the chute is larger. The ore in the chute is always saturated and fluid. At the moment of the ore release, the ore becomes a mudslide and causes the ore to run. Therefore, fine ore is always the main cause of slipping and running mines.
(3 ) Surface water and mud flow into the open mine mine chute and enter the chute. The underground tunnel water and the caving mining method pass through the surface of the mud into the lower stop with the rainwater, and enter the slip mine, which can cause the slipper to run.
(4 ) The slipping well stops the ore mining. The fine ore in the chute is compacted due to the long-term non-moving, becoming an impermeable layer, causing water to accumulate in the chute, and recovering the production of the elbow, which is also likely to cause running.
2. Measures to prevent slipping and running mines (1) Strictly control the inflow of surface water and groundwater into the sloping (or trough). When there is water in the chute, water and water should be blocked, water holes should be drained, and water pipes should be used to extradite and slip. outer.
(2 ) Strict production management of the chute, to prevent the tunnel water from flowing into the chute at all stages, and it is not allowed to use high-pressure water to clean the mine car in the unloading mine.
(3 ) Strictly control the amount of fine ore that is poured into the chute.
(4 ) When the ore in the shaft is blocked, and the water in the shaft is drained, the water should be removed first and then the blockage should be treated.
(5) Reasonable selection of the mine gate and reduction of the plugging of the slippery well should be carried out by means of a combination of a vibrating miner in the chute and a chain ball gate or a finger gate.
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